12th Biology students preparing for the 12th board exams must follow the latest syllabus. The CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus includes all the chapters and topics students will study in this session. Moreover, we have seen that the biology papers are always based on the CBSE curriculum.
From this article, you can check and download the revised class 12 Biology syllabus pdf for the 2024-25 session. We have also mentioned the marking scheme and practical syllabus.
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For all new updates regarding the CBSE class 12 Syllabus 2024-25, students can bookmark this page.
Also, Check: Class 12th English Project 2024
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2024-25
In the following sections, you can check the detailed syllabus of the class 12th Biology subject that is applicable for the 2024 exams.
Furthermore, you can also check the Class 12th Commerce Papers 2024 with the following link.
Also, Check – Class 12th Economic Books pdf 2024
Unit-VI Reproduction
Chapter 2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination – types, agencies, and examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post-fertilization events – development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.
Chapter-3: Human Reproduction
Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis – spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilization, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea).
Chapter-4: Reproductive Health
Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control – need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).
Also Check: Project of Class 12th Accountancy
Unit-VII Genetics and Evolution
Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism – incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination – in human beings, birds, and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance – haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans -thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
Chapter-6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central Dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation – lac operon; Genome, Human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.
Chapter-7: Evolution
Origin of life; biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution (palaeontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, the modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution – variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy – Weinberg’s principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.
Unit-VIII Biology and Human Welfare
Chapter-8: Human Health and Diseases
Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology – vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence – drug and alcohol abuse.
Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare
Microbes in food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, and microbes as biocontrol agents and bio-fertilizers. Antibiotics; production and judicious use.
Unit-IX Biotechnology and its Applications
Chapter-11: Biotechnology – Principles and Processes
Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).
Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Application
Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms – Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, biopiracy, and patents.
Unit-X Ecology and Environment
Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations
Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions – mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes – growth, birth rate, and death rate, age distribution.
Chapter-14: Ecosystem
Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services – carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief).
Chapter-15: Biodiversity and its Conservation
Biodiversity – Concept, patterns, importance; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, Sacred Groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries, and Ramsar sites.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Marking Scheme 2023-24
| Unit | Title | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| VI | Reproduction | 16 |
| VII | Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
| VIII | Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
| IX | Biotechnology and its Applications | 12 |
| X | Ecology and Environment | 10 |
| Total | 70 |
CBSE Class 12 Practical Biology Syllabus 2023-24
1. List of Experiments
a. Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.
b. Collect and study soil from at least two different sites and study them for texture, moisture content, pH, and water holding capacity. Correlate with the kinds of plants found in them.
c. Collect water from two different water bodies around you and study them for pH, clarity, and presence of any living organism.
d. Prepare a temporary mount of the onion root tip to study mitosis.
e. Study the effect of different temperatures or three different pH on the activity of salivary amylase on starch.
f. Isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya, etc.
2. Study/observation of the following (Spotting)
a. Flowers are adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).
b. Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of ovary through permanent slides (from grasshopper/mice).
c. Meiosis in onion bud cells or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.
d. T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).
e. Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow’s peak, and colour blindness.
f. Common disease-causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, and any fungus causing ringworm through permanent slides, models, or virtual images. Comment on symptoms of diseases that they cause.
g. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in xeric conditions. Comment upon their morphological adaptations.
h. Two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) were found in aquatic conditions. Comment upon their morphological adaptations.
CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical Marking Scheme 2023-24
| Marking Scheme | Marks | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| One Major Experiment 5, 6 | 5 | ||
| One Minor Experiment 2, 3 | 4 | ||
| Slide Preparation 1, 4 | 5 | ||
| Spotting | 7 | ||
| Practical Record + Viva Voce | Credit to the student’s work over the academic session may be given | 4 | |
| Investigatory Project and its project and its Record + Viva Voce | 5 | ||
| Total | 30 | ||
To check the complete details of the CBSE class 12 practical exams, visit this page.
Download Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023 PDF
Students can also download the 12th Bio syllabus in pdf format for future reference. So, click on the below-mentioned link and download the pdf.
Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2023-24 – Download PDF
CBSE Class 12 Biology Examination 2023-24: Preparation Tips
To score high marks in CBSE 12th board result for Biology Examination 2023-24 students must follow the given preparation tips.
- Complete the 12th Biology course at least 2 months before the exams.
- Students must learn the theory and practice diagram very well.
- To stay focused throughout the preparation, eat healthily and exercise yoga daily.
- After you complete the entire syllabus, students must solve the CBSE class 12 Biology sample papers.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Q1. How many chapters are there in class 12th Biology subject?
Ans: In 12th Biology subjects, there are total 10 chapters that you have to study.
Q2. Is NCERT book enough for Class 12th Biology exams?
Ans: Yes, the NECRT books cover the complete syllabus with relevant and enough information. So, you can just focus on the Ncert books for the Biology paper.
Q3. Where can I download the latest CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus?
Ans: You can download the latest syllabus either from the CBSE official website or from this page.