CBSE Class 11 Commerce Syllabus 2024-25 (Download PDF)

ness Transaction, Capital, Drawings. Liabilities (Non-Current and Current). Assets (Non-Current, Current); Fixed assets (Tangible and Intangible), Expenditure (Capital and Revenue), Expense, Income, Profit, Gain, Loss, Purchase, Sales, Goods, Stock, Debtor, Creditor, Voucher, Discount (Trade discount and Cash Discount)

Business Entity, Money Measurement, Going Concerned, Accounting Period, Cost Concept, Dual Aspect, Revenue Recognition, Matching, Full Disclosure, Consistency, Conservatism, Materiality and Objectivity.

System of Accounting: Basis of Accounting: cash basis and accrual basis.

Accounting Standards: Applicability in IndAS  Goods and Services Tax (GST): Characteristics and Objective.  

Voucher and Transactions: Source documents and Vouchers, Preparation of Vouchers, Accounting Equation Approach: Meaning and Analysis, Rules of Debit, and Credit. 

 Recording of Transactions: Books of Original Books of Original Entry- Journal  

1. Special Purpose books:  
2. Cash Book: Simple, 
3. cashbook with bank column and petty cash book  
4. Purchases book  
5. Sales book  
6. Purchases return book 
7. Sales return book 

Note: Including trade discount, freight, and cartage expenses for simple GST calculation.  

• Ledger: Format, Posting from journal and subsidiary books, Balancing of accounts.

Depreciation Provisions and Reserves 

1. Depreciation: Concept, Features, Causes, factors
2. Other similar terms: Depletion and Amortisation
3. Methods of Depreciation: i. Straight Line Method (SLM) ii. Written Down Value Method (WDV)ge of method 

Note: Excluding change of method 

1. Difference between SLM and WDV; 
2. Advantages of SLM and WDV  
3. Accounting treatment of depreciation i. Charging to asset account ii. Creating provision for depreciation/accumulated depreciation account iii. Treatment for disposal of the asset  
4. Provisions and Reserves: Difference  
5. Types of Reserves: i. Revenue reserve ii. Capital reserve iii. General reserve iv. Specific reserve v. Secret Reserve 
6.  Difference between capital and revenue reserve

 Accounting for Bills of Exchange  

Bill of exchange and Promissory Note: Definition, Specimen, Features, Parties.  

1. Difference between Bill of Exchange and Promissory Note  
2. Terms in Bill of Exchange: i. Term of Bill ii. Accommodation bill (concept) iii. Days of Grace iv. Date of maturity v. Discounting of bill vi. Endorsement of bill vii. Bill after due date viii. Negotiation ix. Bill sent for collection x. Dishonour of bill xi. Retirement of bill xii. Renewal of bill  Accounting Treatment 

Note: excluding accounting treatment for accommodation bill Trial balance and Rectification of Errors  

• Trial balance: objectives and preparation 

(Scope: Trial balance with balance method only)  

1. Errors: types-errors of omission, commission, principles, and compensating; their effect on Trial Balance. 
2. Detection and rectification of errors; preparation of suspense account.  

1. Financial Statements 
2. Meaning, objectives, and importance; 
3. Revenue and Capital Receipts; Revenue and Capital Expenditure; Deferred Revenue expenditure. 
4. Trading and Profit and Loss Account: Gross Profit, Operating Profit, and Net profit. 
5. Preparation. Balance Sheet: need, grouping, and marshaling of assets and liabilities. Preparation. 
6. Adjustments in preparation of financial statements with respect to closing stock, outstanding expenses, prepaid expenses, accrued income, income received in advance, depreciation, bad debts, provision for doubtful debts, provision for discount on debtors, Abnormal loss, Goods taken for personal use/staff welfare, interest on capital and managers commission. 
7. Preparation of Trading and Profit and Loss account and Balance Sheet of a sole proprietorship with adjustments.

• Introduction to computer and accounting information system {AIS}: Introduction to computers (elements, capabilities, limitations of computer system) d profit (loss), assets, and liabilities are to be depicted using a pie chart/bar diagram. 

1. History of Trade and Commerce in India: Indigenous Banking System, Rise of Intermediaries, Transport, Trading Communities: Merchant Corporations, Major Trade Centres, Major Imports and Exports, Position of Indian Sub-Continent in the World Economy. 
2. Business – meaning and characteristics 
3. Business, profession, and employment concept
4. Objectives of business 
5. Classification of business activities – Industry and Commerce  
6. Industry-types: primary, secondary, tertiary Meaning and subgroups  
7. Commerce-trade: (types-internal, external; wholesale and retail) and auxiliaries to trade; (banking, insurance, transportation, warehousing, communication, and advertising) – meaning
8. Business risk-Concept

1. Sole Proprietorship-Concept, merits, and limitations\
2. Partnership-Concept, types, merits, and limitation of partnership, registration of a partnership firm, partnership deed. Types of partners
3. Hindu Undivided Family Business: Concept 
4. Cooperative Societies-Concept, merits, and limitations
5. Company – Concept, merits, and limitations; Types: Private, Public and One Person Company – Concept 
6. Formation of the company – stages, important documents to be used information of a company  

1. Public sector and private sector enterprises – Concept
2. Forms of public sector enterprises: Departmental Undertakings, Statutory Corporations, and Government Company
3. Multinational Company – Feature. Joint ventures, Public-private partnership – concept 

1. Business services – meaning and types. Banking: Types of bank accounts – savings, current, recurring, fixed deposit, and multiple option deposit account  
2. Banking services with particular reference to Bank Draft, Bank Overdraft, Cash credit. E-Banking meaning, Types of digital payment
3. Insurance – Principles. Types – life, health, fire, and marine insurance – concept 

• E-business: concept, scope, and benefits 

1. Concept of social responsibility 
2. Case of social responsibility 
3. Responsibility towards owners, investors, consumers, employees, government, and community
4. Role of business in environmental protection

1. Concept of business finance 
2. Owners’ funds- equity shares, preferences share, retained earnings, Global Depository Receipt (GDR), American Depository Receipt (ADR) and International Depository Receipt (IDR) – concept 
3. Borrowed funds: debentures and bonds, a loan from a financial institution and commercial banks, public deposits, trade credit,

1. Entrepreneurship Development (ED): Concept, Characteristics, and Need. Process of Entrepreneurship Development: Start-up India Scheme, ways to fund the start-up. Intellectual Property Rights and Entrepreneurship  
2. Small scale enterprise as defined by MSMED Act 2006 (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act) )
3. Role of small business in India with special reference to rural areas 
4. Government schemes and agencies for small scale industries: National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC) and District Industrial Centre (DIC) with special reference to rural, backward areas.

1. Internal trade – meaning and types services rendered by a wholesaler and a retailer
2. Large scale retailers-Departmental stores, chain stores – concept  

• International trade: concept and benefits 

1. What is Economics?
2.  Meaning, scope, functions, and importance of statistics in Economics 

1. Collection of data – sources of data – primary and secondary; how basic data is collected with concepts of Sampling; methods of collecting data; some important sources of secondary data: Census of India and National Sample Survey Organisation. 
2. Organization of Data: Meaning and types of variables; Frequency Distribution. 
3. Presentation of Data: Tabular Presentation and Diagrammatic Presentation of Data: (i) Geometric forms (bar diagrams and pie diagrams), (ii) Frequency diagrams (histogram, polygon, and ogive), and (iii) Arithmetic line graphs (time series graph). 

1. Measures of Central Tendency- Arithmetic mean, median and mode 
2.  meaning and properties, scatter diagram; Measures of correlation – Karl Pearson’s method (two variables ungrouped data)
3.  Introduction to Index Numbers – meaning, types – wholesale price index, consumer price index
4.  uses of index numbers; Inflation and index numbers.

1. Meaning of microeconomics and macroeconomics; positive and normative economics What is an economy? 
2. Central problems of an economy: what, how and for whom to produce
3. and opportunity cost

1. Consumer’s equilibrium – meaning of utility, marginal utility, law of diminishing marginal utility, conditions of consumer’s equilibrium using marginal utility analysis. 
2. Indifference curve analysis of consumer’s equilibrium-the consumer’s budget (budget set and budget line), preferences of the consumer (indifference curve, indifference map) and conditions of consumer’s equilibrium. 
3. Demand, market demand, determinants of demand, demand schedule, demand curve and its slope, movement along and shifts in the demand curve; price elasticity of demand – factors affecting price elasticity of demand; measurement of price elasticity of demand – percentage-change method.

1. Meaning of Production Function – Short-Run and Long-Run 
2. Total Product, Average Product, and Marginal Product. 
3. Returns to a Factor Cost: 
4. Short-run costs – total cost, total fixed cost, total variable cost; Average cost;
5. Average fixed cost, average variable cost, and marginal cost- meaning and their relationships. 
6. Revenue – total, average and marginal revenue – meaning and their relationship.
7. Supply, market supply, determinants of supply, supply schedule, supply curve and its slope, movements along and shifts in the supply curve, price elasticity of supply; measurement of price elasticity of supply – percentage-change method. 

1. Perfect competition – Features; Determination of market equilibrium and effects of shifts in demand and supply.
2. Simple Applications of Demand and Supply: Price ceiling, price floor.